Background: This study investigated the impact of socio-economic factors on the spread and outbreak of COVID-19 based on Chinese data. Methods: Cumulative confirmed cases were collected and divided into the First-stage cases cluster dominated by imported cases, and the Second-stage cases cluster dominated by secondary cases, according to the time of emergency state and Wuhan city lockdown. The linear regression was used for data analysis. Results: A total of 12, 877 cases in 30 provinces were analyzed in the study. The First-stage cases cluster includ-ed 675 cases and Second-stage cases cluster included 12, 202 cases. The socio-economic factors were significantly associated with the cases (P<0. 05). The GDP and proportion of population moving out of Wuhan were associ-ate with the First-stage dominated by imported cases (  0, P<0. 05). The First-stage cases cluster, proportion of population moving out of Wuhan and urban population were associate with the Second-stage dominated by secondary cases (  0, P<0. 05). Conclusion: Socio-economic factors had impacts on the spread and outbreak of COVID-19. The combination of different socio-economic indicators at different stages of the epidemic may help control the epidemic.